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如何備考二級(jí)CATTI口筆譯的1

　　Photo-altering apps a 'rabbit-hole' for young girls, Teen Vogue editor says

　　Teen Vogue editor Elaine Welteroth has called photo editing apps and Photoshop a “rabbit hole” for young people, which can be damaging to their self-esteem – “especially now when plastic surgery is somehow an option for a lot of young people”.

　　Speaking with Slate’s editor-in-chief Julia Turner at the Sydney writers’ festival on Friday, she admitted to trying do-it-yourself photoshopping one time herself, downloading the Facetune app, which allows users to easily digitally alter their selfies and photographs: “I had to take it off my phone because I fixed something on my face ... and then I wanted to fix something on my nose, and then – you just get down this rabbit hole and you start hating yourself. And you’re like, ‘How did I get here? I felt really good like 10 minutes ago’,” she said.

“I do think that the desire to permanently alter your body is triggered by this easy access to Photoshop on your phone.”

　　Welteroth became the first African American beauty editor in Conde Nast’s history when she started at Teen Vogue four and a half years ago. Last year, the 29-year-old became the youngest editor in the publication’s history; and in April, she was promoted to editor-in-chief.

　　The magazine changed strategy about 18 months ago, broadening its coverage to politics and social issues. This shift got widespread media attention in December, after a political commentary from freelance writer Lauren Duca, “Donald Trump is Gaslighting America”, went viral.

　　She said the widespread surprise that the article generated showed how “grossly underestimated” teenage girls were. “It’s only shocking to the uninitiated that Teen Vogue would have the audacity to be political and style focused ... This is a tradition that existed well before Teen Vogue,” Welteroth said. Teen Vogue sold more magazines in December than it did in the entire year.

　　While the teen magazine is “very careful about retouching” young girls, particularly on their covers, Welteroth said it could be a double-edged sword.

“Recently – and I won’t name who – but we did put a celebrity on our cover who we lightly retouched, as we would with any other cover. And then we got the phone calls from her – their – agent, who was like, ‘Why wasn’t this retouched more? We need this to be retouched!’ You can’t win for losing. If we had retouched her more, then we would have, you know, been dragged on the internet.”

　　In 2012, a 14-year-old girl accrued 25,000 signatures on a petition to ban photo alterations from Seventeen magazine, leading to a promise from the editors not to alter girls’ faces or bodies. A few months later, a 16-year-old and 17-year-old started their own petition to Teen Vogue, and staged a mock runway show outside the publication’s offices in protest of “the digitally enhanced, unrealistic ‘beauty’ we see in the pages of magazines.” By LearnAndRecord

“We are demanding that teen magazines stop altering natural bodies and faces so that real girls can be the new standard of beauty,” they wrote on Change.org.

　　Welteroth, who was not working at the publication at the time of the protest, said on Friday: “[Teen Vogue has] always been very careful about retouching; our creative director has a very firm stance on it, even makeup. She doesn’t really like to use a lot of makeup on young girls on our covers, and retouching is very, very light ... we’re talking to young girls and our job is to show them, to represent them.”

　　That responsibility extended to body shape, she said, citing the magazine’s first “plus-sized” fashion shoot. “We didn’t call it that; it was just a beautiful back-to-school fashion shoot. It was amazing actually showing that to Anna [Wintour, editor-in-chief of Vogue], getting her blessing – again, not knowing how it would be perceived, and Anna loved it. And she said, ‘We should be doing more of this’. So that was great.”

　　The panel was attended by a mostly younger audience, who asked some of the day’s best questions. One question related to the #askhermore hashtag, which celebrities and others have been using to protest against the vacuous questions about clothes and beauty levelled at successful women on red carpets – but which has been criticised for diminishing the value of fashion as a force of self-expression.

“I really don’t like Ask Her More,” Turner said, laughing. “It’s like, it’s Oscars night, I wanna hear about her dress. Ask her more some other time!”

“To each her own,” Welteroth said. “If you feel that it diminishes your intelligence to be asked about your fashion choices for an evening on the red carpet, so be it. It’s your prerogative to say, ‘I’d like if you could move on to the next question’ – and then certainly the reporter [will hopefully] have another question to ask.

“But you know, I don’t think there’s anything to be ashamed of about being a woman who loves fashion. Fashion is a vehicle for self-expression, it tells the world who you are and how you want to be seen. If you use it as a canvas for creativity, then you might want to talk about it, you know? And I fully embrace that.”

　　CATTI二級(jí)筆譯綜合閱讀真題來源

　　Make your own meat with open-source cells – no animals necessary

　　IMAGINE producing meat at home without killing animals. With a few cells and a keg, the process could be no more complicated than brewing your own beer or pickling vegetables. That’s the vision of Isha Datar, the CEO of New Harvest, a non-profit organisation aiming to create everything from burgers to silk from cell cultures. “It’s like designing a new universe,” she told Hello Tomorrow, an event that brought together technology entrepreneurs in Paris last year.

　　Cultured meat isn’t a new idea but it has largely focused on mass-producing beef and pork. In 2013, the first tasting of a lab-grown burger in London grabbed headlines, but the showpiece cost

　　如何備考二級(jí)CATTI口筆譯的

如何備考二級(jí)CATTI口筆譯的2

　　二級(jí)筆譯

　　備考參考書籍

《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 講座與測(cè)試》第四版，徐廣聯(lián)，華東理工大學(xué)出版社《新東方專八詞匯 正序版》《劍橋雅思真題》(閱讀部分)《英語(yǔ)筆譯模擬題2級(jí)》，新世界出版社(CATTI官方指定教材)

　　考試題型解讀

　　二級(jí)筆譯和三級(jí)筆譯是一樣的，都是分筆譯綜合能力和筆譯實(shí)務(wù)兩科，相較于三筆來說，二筆的綜合能力難度會(huì)更大，筆譯實(shí)務(wù)的篇幅更長(zhǎng)。

　　綜合能力：二筆的綜合能力題型分為詞匯語(yǔ)法、閱讀理解和完形填空三部分，考試時(shí)間兩個(gè)小時(shí)，個(gè)人感覺對(duì)考生來說最難的一部分就是詞匯語(yǔ)法了，這一部分主要包括選詞填空、同義詞替換和語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)。

　　其中MTI考試大綱要求考生的詞匯量應(yīng)達(dá)到8000-12000，CATTI二筆的詞匯量個(gè)人認(rèn)為也不應(yīng)少于10000，所以考生要不斷夯實(shí)詞匯基礎(chǔ)，增大詞匯量。

　　我本人用的是新東方的專八書積累詞匯同時(shí)用《英語(yǔ)筆譯綜合能力真題解析2級(jí)》和《英語(yǔ)筆譯模擬題2級(jí)》大量練習(xí)考試題型;閱讀理解部分使用的是一些MTI考研院校的真題和雅思真題練習(xí);至于語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)和后面的完形填空考查的是考生的語(yǔ)法功底，我本人傾向于看徐廣聯(lián)老師的《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 測(cè)試與講座》。

　　筆譯實(shí)務(wù)：二筆實(shí)務(wù)的分為英譯漢和漢譯英兩部分，這和三筆是一樣的，最大的不同之處在于題量，三筆的實(shí)務(wù)英譯漢和漢譯英各一篇，而二筆的題量更大，英譯漢2篇、漢譯英2篇，一共四篇文章。

　　考試時(shí)間一共三小時(shí)。個(gè)人推薦平時(shí)練習(xí)英譯漢時(shí)多多看一些外刊來學(xué)習(xí)，如《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》、《TIME》、《New Yorker》等。我會(huì)關(guān)注一些分享外刊原文和譯文的微信公眾號(hào)，利用原文練習(xí)翻譯，遇到費(fèi)解之處會(huì)看看譯文及注解。

　　在這里，我分享一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：曾經(jīng)有一位一筆老師來我們學(xué)校講座時(shí)說過這么一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，我們做的英譯漢的譯文最好的就是把我們的譯文拿給另一個(gè)人看，如果我們的讀者能無壓力地看懂的話，說明我們的譯文才是合格的。我認(rèn)為這位老師的觀點(diǎn)我很認(rèn)同。

　　結(jié)合一下我的實(shí)際情況補(bǔ)充一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：就是我們?cè)谟龅綄I(yè)性較強(qiáng)的文章時(shí)，我們翻譯出來的譯文要給專業(yè)的人給我們當(dāng)讀者。

　　我平常在英譯漢練習(xí)時(shí)碰到一些專業(yè)性較強(qiáng)的英文文章，比如我曾經(jīng)翻譯過的一期《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》里提及過經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的概念，“二八定律”(80/20rule)，文章后面寫到了“80%的收入都來自銷售額居前5位的產(chǎn)品”，如果譯者對(duì)“二八定律”內(nèi)涵很熟悉的話會(huì)馬上想到這個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)名詞，否則我們的譯文就會(huì)花樣百出，十分精彩。

　　漢譯英需要我們平常多積累一些熱詞，比如CHINA DAILY, CGTN等新聞報(bào)刊等新媒體，還有盧敏老師的微博也經(jīng)常會(huì)分享國(guó)內(nèi)外重要會(huì)議的熱詞等。在這里跟大家說一下，每年兩會(huì)后出來的《政府工作報(bào)告》一定!一定!一定!要看，要熟記里邊的熱詞高頻詞，最好是背誦下來。

　　關(guān)于詞典的問題：雖然今年下半年全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的筆譯考試都改革為機(jī)考形式，但是還是僅允許考生使用紙質(zhì)詞典，即英漢、漢英詞典各一本。

　　個(gè)人推薦英漢詞典首選陸谷孫的《英漢大詞典》，漢英詞典的話首選外研社的《漢英大詞典》，這兩本詞典可以說是每位CATTI考生必備的。

　　二級(jí)口譯

　　二級(jí)口譯考試同筆譯一樣也分為綜合能力和實(shí)務(wù)兩門考試，我沒參加過口譯綜合能力的考試，但可以在這里說一下二口實(shí)務(wù)。

　　備考參考書籍

《英語(yǔ)口譯實(shí)務(wù)真題解析2級(jí)》

《英語(yǔ)口譯模擬題2級(jí)》

　　考試題型解讀

　　二級(jí)口譯實(shí)務(wù)考試總時(shí)長(zhǎng)1個(gè)小時(shí)，2篇英譯漢，2篇漢譯英。英譯漢結(jié)束后會(huì)休息5分鐘?？荚囬_始前會(huì)讓大家試音。

　　19年上半年的二口實(shí)務(wù)試題英譯漢第一篇講的是全球能源問題，第二篇講的是人力資本指數(shù)。漢譯英第一篇圍繞改革開放40周年展開，第二篇講的是民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

　　總的來說，英譯漢第一篇語(yǔ)速適中但演講人的講話思路較為跳躍，具體體現(xiàn)為其圍繞能源問題的切入點(diǎn)從OPEC到巴黎協(xié)定再到分析全球可再生能源的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，其次援引數(shù)據(jù)較多，其中對(duì)數(shù)字口譯的考查也可以說是重點(diǎn)。

　　第二篇英譯漢“人力資本指數(shù)”是一個(gè)概念闡述性文章圍繞“人力資本指數(shù)是什么、各國(guó)人力資本指數(shù)發(fā)展及差異原因、關(guān)注點(diǎn)是什么、其對(duì)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的影響”，本文邏輯性極強(qiáng)，個(gè)人認(rèn)為在應(yīng)對(duì)概念闡述性文章比起第一篇英譯漢文章相對(duì)更容易些，其中聽辨理解是這類文章重點(diǎn)。

　　漢譯英的語(yǔ)速相對(duì)來說更快，對(duì)考生產(chǎn)生的的交傳筆記壓力更大(其實(shí)英譯漢時(shí)筆記壓力也很大)，今年的漢譯英屬于“緊貼時(shí)政”類型的，如果考生熟記《政府工作報(bào)告》，面對(duì)這種類型的文章應(yīng)該問題不大。

　　但是除此之外，CATTI考生備考的內(nèi)容范圍應(yīng)該“不設(shè)上限”，備考時(shí)不要僅僅局限于某一領(lǐng)域，某一范圍。做到有備無患。

　　3

　　好看的配色

　　報(bào)名開始后需要大家在“中國(guó)人事考試網(wǎng)”完成個(gè)人身份信息注冊(cè)(包括照片上傳)，今年下半年的最新變化是在個(gè)人信息環(huán)節(jié)新出現(xiàn)了“學(xué)歷信息”和“學(xué)位信息”兩個(gè)新增內(nèi)容需要大家進(jìn)行信息完善，而對(duì)于目前還沒有本科畢業(yè)的學(xué)生應(yīng)該怎么填報(bào)還需要和“中國(guó)人事考試網(wǎng)”進(jìn)行聯(lián)系確認(rèn)。

　　伴隨著報(bào)名環(huán)節(jié)的是考生身份審核環(huán)節(jié)，新考生在報(bào)名結(jié)束后系統(tǒng)會(huì)提示考生到當(dāng)?shù)厝耸虏块T進(jìn)行審核，在這里有其要提醒MTI專業(yè)考生，由于MTI考生是可以免考二級(jí)口筆譯綜合能力科目考試的，所以我們要在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)審核時(shí)要提供“翻譯碩士專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生在讀證明表”(加蓋學(xué)院和研究生院公章)和“資格考試科目免試申請(qǐng)表”(加蓋學(xué)院公章)

　　審核結(jié)束后大家回來查看“中國(guó)人事考試網(wǎng)”，報(bào)名流程里現(xiàn)實(shí)“審核通過”就可以繳費(fèi)了，繳費(fèi)完成后會(huì)提醒考生所有報(bào)名流程結(jié)束，大家接下來就在備考中等待準(zhǔn)考證開放下載日期到來就可以了。

　　考試前期及當(dāng)天注意事項(xiàng)

　　考生們?cè)诳荚囬_考前可以提前去考場(chǎng)周邊熟悉一下周圍環(huán)境，如果需要在周圍找酒店住宿的話，也得打好提前量，考試周的周末客房很搶手。

　　筆譯考生如果帶我跟大家推薦的那兩本詞典記得拿行李箱，因?yàn)轶w積太大，想要背著兩本詞典基本不可能。

　　口譯考生在考試開考前會(huì)安排統(tǒng)一試音環(huán)節(jié)，大家試音錄音完成后考務(wù)人員會(huì)回放你們的錄音，大家聽一下有問題及時(shí)和監(jiān)考老師反映解決錄音設(shè)備的問題，在口譯考試結(jié)束后，也會(huì)有錄音回聽環(huán)節(jié)，也要聽一下你們自己的錄音，如果沒錄進(jìn)去的話跟監(jiān)考老師及時(shí)反映，如需重新錄音的話要聽監(jiān)考老師的安排。

　　口筆譯考試都是需要提前半小時(shí)進(jìn)入考場(chǎng)，開考兩小時(shí)內(nèi)考生不得退場(chǎng)。口譯考生在打印準(zhǔn)考證時(shí)多打印幾份，我就見到有一個(gè)女生，在考場(chǎng)記交傳筆記時(shí)把紙用光了，她提前舉手，但是監(jiān)考人員在另一處給其他考生換草紙，當(dāng)時(shí)背對(duì)著她，沒看見她舉手，把那位女生急的夠嗆。

　　估計(jì)當(dāng)時(shí)她心態(tài)爆炸了都，多打印幾份準(zhǔn)考證情急之下在背面做交傳筆記以備不時(shí)之需。

　　考試結(jié)束后注意事項(xiàng)

　　CATTI考試的成績(jī)查詢時(shí)間一般都在考試結(jié)束后60天，考生在確認(rèn)查詢時(shí)間后可到“中國(guó)人事考試網(wǎng)”輸入身份證號(hào)和姓名查詢成績(jī)，成績(jī)合格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要關(guān)注CATTI官網(wǎng)(和考試相問題咨詢CATTI考試官方，和報(bào)名、審核相關(guān)的問題要咨詢?nèi)耸驴荚嚲W(wǎng)和各地的人社部門)

　　證書的發(fā)放和領(lǐng)取要咨詢當(dāng)?shù)氐娜松绮块T，考生需要自己留意人社部門的通知，掌握各地人社部門的最新聯(lián)系方式。

　　4

　　寫在最后

　　關(guān)于CATTI考試，我一直最想說的是，很多考生一直都有某些心態(tài)，比如我身邊有一些同學(xué)說19年上半年的二筆考試比18年下半年二筆考試難，就說CATTI考試有大小年之分，我個(gè)人理解大年是較難的一年，小年是較容易的一年。

　　在這里，我個(gè)人認(rèn)為，大家在備考時(shí)不要心存僥幸，難易我們無法預(yù)測(cè)，我們只能知道自己為備考付出了多少，大家備考時(shí)不要挑食，挑食這種心態(tài)要不得，在備考時(shí)可以重點(diǎn)突出，但也要做到全面復(fù)習(xí)不打無把握之仗。

　　最后，希望大家都能好好復(fù)習(xí)備考，爭(zhēng)取早日通過CATTI考試，早日上岸!

　　加油!你們是最棒的!!!

如何備考二級(jí)CATTI口筆譯的3

　　Chinese-English Translation

　　Translate the following two passages into English.

　　Passage 1

　　互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一個(gè)社會(huì)信息大平臺(tái)，億萬網(wǎng)民在上面獲得信息、交流信息，這會(huì)對(duì)他們的求知途徑、思維方式、價(jià)值觀念產(chǎn)生重要影響，特別是會(huì)對(duì)他們(、)對(duì)國(guó)家、對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)工作、對(duì)人生的看法產(chǎn)生重要影響。網(wǎng)民來自老百姓，老百姓上了網(wǎng)，民意也就上了網(wǎng)。各級(jí)黨政機(jī)關(guān)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要學(xué)會(huì)通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)與公眾保持聯(lián)系(走群眾路線)，經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)(，)看看，聊聊天、發(fā)發(fā)聲，了解群眾所思所愿，收集好想法好建議，積極回應(yīng)網(wǎng)民關(guān)切、解疑釋惑。

　　網(wǎng)民大多數(shù)是普通群眾，來自各行各業(yè)(四面八方)，各自經(jīng)歷不同，觀點(diǎn)和想法肯定是五花八門的，不能要求他們對(duì)所有問題都看得那么準(zhǔn)、說得那么對(duì)。要多一些包容和耐心，對(duì)建設(shè)性意見要及時(shí)吸納，對(duì)困難(的人)要及時(shí)幫助，對(duì)不了解情況的要及時(shí)宣介，對(duì)模糊認(rèn)識(shí)要及時(shí)廓清，對(duì)怨氣怨言要及時(shí)化解，對(duì)錯(cuò)誤看法要及時(shí)引導(dǎo)和糾正。

　　注：原文節(jié)選自：2016年4月19日在網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和信息化工作座談會(huì)上的講話。

　　其中真題略有刪改，如上文的兩處頓號(hào)(、)和逗號(hào)(，)均為真題中所增加。

　　Passage 2

　　當(dāng)今，世界各國(guó)的實(shí)力較量涉及諸多因素，其中最重要的一個(gè)要素是市場(chǎng)規(guī)模。哪個(gè)國(guó)家的市場(chǎng)大，對(duì)其他國(guó)家的吸引力就越大，也越容易處于領(lǐng)先地位。中國(guó)有14億人口，這就決定了它擁有世界上最大的消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家都認(rèn)為，過去這些年，中國(guó)市場(chǎng)發(fā)展的速度是世界上最快的。

　　連續(xù)九年，中國(guó)是世界上最大的汽車市場(chǎng)。2016年，美國(guó)銷售了1,700萬輛汽車，同年中國(guó)則銷售了2400萬輛。其中在中國(guó)的美國(guó)合資公司銷售的汽車占比很大。中國(guó)還是世界上最大的智能手機(jī)市場(chǎng)，也是最大的服裝、電商、國(guó)內(nèi)旅游和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)。中國(guó)市場(chǎng)展現(xiàn)了驚人的發(fā)展?jié)摿ΑＴ谥袊?guó)，中產(chǎn)和富裕階層人士迅速增長(zhǎng)，年輕人有了全新的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣，線上線下銷售渠道覆蓋了全國(guó)各地。隨著醫(yī)療、養(yǎng)老產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷發(fā)展，還將進(jìn)一步提升中國(guó)人的消費(fèi)能力。

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