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名師教你輕松突破GRE閱讀高分難關(guān)1
the Color Purple
general intro:
the Color Purple is a 1982 eistolary novel 書信小說(shuō) written by American author Alice Walker that won the 1983 Pulitzer Prize for Fictionand the National Book Award for Fiction.
taking place mostly in rural Georgia, the story focuses on female black life in the 1930s in thesouthern United States, addressing numerous issues including their exceedingly low position in American social culture.
Plot summary (只選了關(guān)于書信那一截，大概曉得是為撒子寫信就行了)
the Color Purple spans the years 1909 to 1949, relating the life of Celie, a Southern black woman virtually sold into a life of servitude to her brutal husband, sharecropper Albert. Celie, the protagonist and narrator of The Color Purple, is a poor, uneducated, fourteen-year-old black girl living in rural Georgia.
Celie starts writing letters to God because her stepfather, Alphonso, beats and rapes her. Celie pours out her innermost thoughts in letter form to her sister Nettie, but Albert has been hiding the letters Nettie writes back, allowing Celie to assume that Nettie is dead.
Letters Alice Walker highlights the power of communication through the characters letter writing form.
the letters that Celie writes to God, and later to her sister Nettie, symbolize a certain voice that only Celie has and one that she is only able to express in her letters.
She is able to express her true desires only in her letter.
these letters allow her to display any emotion, and they are very personal to her as well.
In the beginning, when she was writing letters only to God, the letters were very private and Celie would not have wanted anyone to see them.
the letters are the only way she can represent her true feelings and despair as she is abused.
Later, the letters she gets from Nettie give her hope that she will be reunited with her sister again.
Celie writes to God for a lack of someone else to write to. She writes to her sister because she gets mad at God because of her past and the people who have been hurt because of it.
She asks God "Why?" which is a question that cannot be answered.
the last letter she writes is to everyone, including God showing that she has forgiven Him, and that her story has gone through a full circle of maturation.
theme：
In the short story “The Color Purple,” author Alice Walker describes the life of Celie, a black woman growing up in the South. She must overcome racism and poverty to establish herself as an independent person. The novel also follows the maturation of her sister Nettie and the lives of Shug, Albert, and much of his extended family.
A motif in “The Color Purple” is the recurring concept of roundness.
the concept of roundness relates to the shape of the human body, and especially the female body.
the letters are also another motif in the novel.
the letters play an important role in conveying Celie’s thoughts and emotions throughout her life.
Walker suggests that oppressed people can unite with solidarity to overcome their oppressors.
A sub theme of “The Color Purple” is the harm inflicted on the Black community, both by their own cycle of violence and the racially motivated hatred of Negroes in the South.
Symbol:
the title of the book is an important symbol.
Celie goes through life having a hard time noticing the beautiful aspects and appreciating them.
She had a difficult life and was abused as an adolescent.
"The color purple is continually equated with suffering and pain.
Sofia's swollen, beaten face is described as the color of 'eggplant'.
Purple is the color of Celie's private parts, the site of her sexual violation.
However, later Shug points out to her that life must be enjoyed. When they are in a field of purple flowers, Shug tells Celie to look at the flowers and embrace their beauty. "You must look at all the good and acknowledge them because God placed them all on earth". After learning this, Celie has a better respect for life and everything it has to offer.
名師教你輕松突破GRE閱讀高分難關(guān)2
As of (As of: 到...時(shí)為止;從...時(shí)起) the late 1980’s, neither theorists nor large-scale computer climate models could accurately predict whether cloud systems would help or hurt a warming globe. Some studies suggested that a four percent increase in stratocumulus (stratocumulus: n.[氣]層積云) clouds over the ocean could compensate for a doubling in atmospheric carbon dioxide, preventing a potentially disastrous planetwide temperature increase. On the other hand, an increase in cirrus (cirrus: n. 〈氣〉卷云) clouds could increase global warming.
that clouds represented the weakest element in climate models was illustrated by a study of fourteen such models. Comparing climate forecasts for a world with double the current amount of carbon dioxide, researchers found that the models agreed quite well if clouds were not included. But when clouds were incorporated, a wide range of forecasts was produced. With such discrepancies plaguing the models, scientists could not easily predict how quickly the world’s climate would change, nor could they tell which regions would face dustier droughts or deadlier monsoons.
1.The information in the passage suggests that scientists would have to answer which of the following questions in order to predict the effect of clouds on the warming of the globe?
(A) What kinds of cloud systems will form over the Earth?
(B) How can cloud systems be encouraged to form over the ocean?
(C) What are the causes of the projected planetwide temperature increase?
(D) What proportion of cloud systems are currently composed of cirrus of clouds?
(E) What proportion of the clouds in the atmosphere form over land masses?
2.The information in the passage suggests that scientists would have to answer which of the following questions in order to predict the effect of clouds on the warming of the globe?
(A) What kinds of cloud systems will form over the Earth?
(B) How can cloud systems be encouraged to form over the ocean?
(C) What are the causes of the projected planetwide temperature increase?
(D) What proportion of cloud systems are currently composed of cirrus of clouds?
(E) What proportion of the clouds in the atmosphere form over land masses?
答案：(A)(A)
名師教你輕松突破GRE閱讀高分難關(guān)3
1. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the "details" versus "constraints" distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
以下哪一個(gè)選項(xiàng)最有可能為文章中所談到的與人類行為有關(guān)的“人類行為細(xì)節(jié)”相對(duì)“人類所受限制”之間的差異，從人類形態(tài)的角度上提供了一個(gè)合適的類比?
難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、抽象詞
解釋：本句子在所有GRE或GMAT閱讀題的題干中是最難讀懂的題干之一。本句不但結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，而且用詞抽象，使得讀者如果想根據(jù)語(yǔ)義來(lái)搞清楚誰(shuí)修飾誰(shuí)，也變得極為困難。分析如下：本句的主干是Which of the following provides an analogy for the details versus constraints distinction? Versus是一個(gè)介詞，等于against,即體育比賽中的VS。其他的所有成分均是一些修飾成分。其中一個(gè)對(duì)答題最重要的限制條件是from human morphology, 說(shuō)明這種類比的比較雙方所比的必須是人類形態(tài)上的特征。
意群訓(xùn)練：Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the "details" versus "constraints" distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
2. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested, but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae.
在存在大量食草動(dòng)物的同時(shí)卻只有少量的水藻花粉囊，這暗示出——但沒(méi)能證明——食草動(dòng)物已吞噬了大部分水藻。
難句類型：插入語(yǔ)
解釋：本句主語(yǔ)很長(zhǎng)，而且謂語(yǔ)suggested與that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句間被插入語(yǔ)but did not prove隔開，造成閱讀障礙。當(dāng)suggest與but did not prove連在一起使用的時(shí)候，其意思不是建議，而是指一種基于主觀臆測(cè)的推理，中文翻譯成“暗示”。其英文釋義為：to call to mind by though or association the explosion suggested sabotage。GRE、GMAT及LSAT文章中，常用suggest,but do not prove來(lái)描述一種沒(méi)有真憑實(shí)據(jù)、可能有問(wèn)題的理論，然后在后面的敘述中把它否定掉。
意群訓(xùn)練：A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested, but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae.
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