下面是范文網(wǎng)小編整理的英語基本句式小結(jié)3篇(英語基本句式整理)，供大家參考。
英語基本句式小結(jié)1
英語基本句式小結(jié)
英語中的句式有很多種，從英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)上說，總體可以歸納為五個基本句式。一般地說，某些動詞用在某一特定句式中。那么，哪些動詞常用于哪些句式，我們把這些句型和常用的動詞進(jìn)行歸類，每一大類都分出詳細(xì)的條目，同學(xué)們可以在理解記憶各大類的基礎(chǔ)上記憶相關(guān)動詞，并繼續(xù)歸納總結(jié)。
（主）+ Vi（不及物動詞）（謂）
1）S + V + adverbial（狀語）
Birds sing ）S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介詞短語）
He went on ）S + Vi+ Infinitive（不定式）
We stopped to have a ）S + Vi+ Participle（分詞）
I’ll go swimming
（主）+ Vt（及物動詞）（謂）+ O（賓）
1）S + VT + N/Pron
I like ）S + VT + infinitive（不定式）
I want to help him.常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt，dare，decide，desire，expect，hope，learn，need，offer，refuse，want，wish等。
3）S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive
I don’t know what to do.常用于這句型的動詞有：ask，consider，decide，discover，explain，find
out，forget，guess，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。
4）S + VT + Gerund
I enjoy living here.常用于這句型的動詞有：admit，advise，avoid，consider，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，mind，miss，practise，risk，suggest，give up，can't help等。
5）S + VT + That-clause
I don’t think（that）he is right.常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit，believe，declare，demand，deny，doubt，expect，explain，feel（覺得），hear（聽說），hope，imagine，intend，know，mean，mind（當(dāng)心），notice，request，report，say，see（看出），show，suggest，suppose，think，understand，wish，wonder（覺得奇怪）。
（主）+ V（謂）（lv）（系動詞）+ P（表）
1）S + Lv + N/Pron（名詞/代詞）
He is a ）S + Lv + Adj（形容詞）
She is ）S + Lv + Adv（副詞）
Class is ）S + Lv + Prep Phrase
He is in good ）S + Lv + Participle（分詞）
The film is interesting.除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞：
表感官的動詞，feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem
等。表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動詞，become，get，grow，turn，go，等。表延續(xù)的動詞
remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。表瞬時的動詞
Come，fall，set，cut，occur等。其他動詞
eat，lie，prove，ring，run，shine，sit，stand，continue，hang等。
英語的基本句型主要有五種，它們是：
1、主語———動詞———表語
2、主語———動詞
3、主語———動詞———賓語
4、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語
5、主語———動詞———賓語———補(bǔ)語
掌握好這些基本句型，就可以為靈活運(yùn)用語言打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。下面分別講解這五種句型。
一、主語---動詞----表語
在這一句型中，動詞是系動詞，劃線部分為表語。
is an engineer.(名詞做表語)
he became silent.(形容詞做表語)
remained standing for a hour.(現(xiàn)在分詞做表語)
question remained unsolved.(過去分詞做表語)
machine is out of order.(介詞短語做表語)
television was on.(副詞做表語)
plan is to keep the affair secret.(動詞不定式做表語)
job is repairing cars.(動名詞做表語)
question is what you want to do.(從句做表語，即：表語從句)
注意：在下面的句子中，形容詞做表語，在表語的后面常常接不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。
I'm happy to meet are willing to are determined to follow his example.二、主語———動詞
在這一句型中，動詞為不及物動詞及不及物的動詞詞組。在有的句子中，不及物動詞可以有狀語修飾。
sun is 'll you sleep well？(well做狀語，修飾不及物動詞sleep)
engine broke down.注意：在此句型中，有少數(shù)不及物動詞表達(dá)被動含義，表達(dá)主語本身所具有的特性，不用被動語態(tài)。
book sells window won't pen writes cuts easily.三、主語———動詞———賓語
在此句型中，動詞為及物動詞，劃線部分為賓語。
you know these people(them)？(名詞或代詞做賓語)
can't express myself in English.(反身代詞做賓語)
smiled a strange smile.(同源賓語)
can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做賓語)
you mind waiting a few minutes？(動名詞做賓語)
hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(從句做賓語，即：賓語從句)
注意：并不是所有的及物動詞都可以接上述各種情況做賓語，不同的動詞有不同的用法，所以，在學(xué)習(xí)動詞時，一定要掌握其用法。
四、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語
在此句型中，動詞可以稱作雙賓語動詞，在英語中，這樣的動詞并不多，在學(xué)習(xí)遇時，要牢記。后面的賓語為間接賓語和直接賓語，其中間接賓語在前，一般表人，直接賓語在后，一般表物。這類句型有三種情況。
第一種情況，間接賓語可以改為to引導(dǎo)的短語。
handed me a handed a letter to gave me her telephone gave her telephone number to me.第二種情況，間接賓語可以改為for引導(dǎo)的短語。
sang us a folk sang a folk for cooked us a delicious cooked a delicious meal for us.第三種情況，直接賓語可以由賓語從句充當(dāng)。
him I'm you inform me where Miss Green lives？
五、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語補(bǔ)足語
在此句型中的動詞，叫做可以跟復(fù)合賓語的動詞，在英語中，這樣的動詞也不多。后面的賓語補(bǔ)足語是說明賓語的情況的，賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語一起被稱做復(fù)合賓語。這個句式是英語中比較復(fù)雜的一個句式，因?yàn)閺?fù)合賓語的構(gòu)成內(nèi)容較多。下面句子中劃線部分為賓語補(bǔ)足語。
found his new job boring.(形容詞做賓補(bǔ))
called their daughter Mary.(名詞做賓補(bǔ))
placed her in a very difficult position.(介詞短語做賓補(bǔ))
went to here house but found her out.(副詞做賓補(bǔ))
do you advise me to do？(不定式做賓補(bǔ))
thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做賓補(bǔ))
believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做賓補(bǔ))
believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的進(jìn)行式做賓補(bǔ))
you notice him come in？(不帶to的不定式做賓補(bǔ))
saw her chatting with Nancy.(現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ))
watched the piano carried upstairs.(過去分詞做賓補(bǔ))
注意：在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以出現(xiàn)用it做形式上的賓語，把真正的賓語放在賓語補(bǔ)足語的后面。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語常常是動詞不定式或賓語從句。
felt it his duty to mention this to her.分析：it是形式賓語，hisduty是賓語補(bǔ)足語，to mention this to her是真正的賓語。
think it best that you should stay with us.分析：it是形式賓語，best是賓語補(bǔ)足語，that you should stay with us是真正的賓語。
注意：
1.習(xí)慣用語的使用
在英語中，有很多動詞習(xí)慣用語，在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中，要注意它們的使用，不必分析單獨(dú)每個詞的使用。
例：
We are short of money.(be short of中short做表語)
She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的賓語)
He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做詞組carry out的賓語)
We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是賓語，to stop是賓語補(bǔ)足語)
2.在英語中，大多數(shù)動詞既可以做及物動詞又可以做不及物動詞，而且還會有一些固定詞組，因此一個動詞可以用于幾種句型。
例：ask
①Did you ask the price？(直接接名詞做賓語)
②She asked them their names.(接雙賓語)
③I asked James to buy some bread.(接賓語加不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語)
④I asked to speak to Fred.(接不定式做賓語)
⑤Didn't you ask him in？(在此句中和副詞in連用)
⑥He has asked for an interview with the President.(組成固定詞組ask for)
be句型是一種特殊的句子，真正的主語在后面，含義為“有…”
①謂語動詞和主語保持一致：There is a television in the sitting room.②有兩個或更多的主語時，動詞一般和最近的一個保持一致：There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.③主語的后面有時有修飾語：There are a lot of difficulties facing were many things to be done(此處也可以使用to do).④謂語動詞be可以有時態(tài)的變化:There will be a concert in the park was little change in him.⑤謂語也可以有不定式構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語。
There used to be a cinema seems to be something the matter with there going to be any activity tonight？
⑥there be句式變疑問句，把be提前；變翻譯疑問句也要借助there。
Is there any hope of getting the job？
There is nothing wrong with your watch，is there？
⑦there be句型中也可以使用諸如：live，follow，come，stand，sit，exist等不及物動詞：
once upon a time，there lived a fisherman on the came a knock at the the top of the hill there stands an old temple.⑧用于非謂語的情況下，有時用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)there to be或動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)there being：
You wouldn't want there to be another war.(不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))
The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework.(動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))
There being nothing else to do，we went home.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))
英語基本句式小結(jié)2
英語基本句式小結(jié)
（一）在一個句子中，動詞是核心，它決定了整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。不同的動詞會引起不同的結(jié)構(gòu)，這也就決定了整個句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，也可稱為基本句型。從英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)上說，總體可以歸納為五個基本句型。
一般地說，某些動詞用在某一特定句式中。那么，哪些動詞常用于哪些句式，我們把這些句型和常用的動詞進(jìn)行歸類，每一大類都分出詳細(xì)的條目，同學(xué)們可以在理解記憶各大類的基礎(chǔ)上記憶相關(guān)動詞，并繼續(xù)歸納總結(jié)。
1.主語 + 不及物動詞（謂語）
S + Vi ? Birds sing ）S + V + adverbial（狀語）? He went on ）S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介詞短語）? We stopped to have a ）S + Vi+ Infinitive（不定式）? I’ll go swimming
4）S + Vi+ Participle（分詞）
The Sun rises from the east and sets from the go first and I will follow push I plane took off and blew up material washes book sells 主語 + 及物動詞（謂語）+ 賓語
S + Vt + O ? I like ）S + Vt + N/Pron（名詞、代詞）? I want to help ）S + Vt + infinitive（不定式）用于這句型的有大量動詞如：attempt，dare，decide，demand，deserved, desire，expect，hope，learn，need，offer，refuse，try, threaten, want，wish等。
? I don’t know what to ）S + Vt + Wh-Word(連接代/副詞)+ Infinitive 常用于這句型的動詞有：ask，consider，decide，discover，explain，find out，forget，guess，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。
? I enjoy living ）S + Vt + Gerund（動名詞）
常用于這句型的動詞有：admit，advise，avoid，consider，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，mind，miss，practise，risk，suggest，give up，can't help等。
? I don’t think（that）he is ）S + VT + That-clause（從句）常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit，believe，declare，demand，deny，doubt，expect，explain，feel（覺得），hear（聽說），hope，imagine，intend，know，mean，mind（當(dāng)心），notice，request，report，say，see（看出），show，suggest，suppose，think，understand，wish，wonder（覺得奇怪）。
I hope that I have said nothing to offend claimed that he had seen the inisisted that I(should)be teacher suggested that we(should)practise don’t remember what had can discuss which is the best decribed how all this had you know why he did it ? I will find out if he is really interested in : You have done a good job!The law will soon take : Let me introduce ’t deceive : We will look into the train came to a 主語
S ? ? ? ? ?
除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞：
表感官的動詞，feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem 等。表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動詞，become，get，grow，turn，go，等。表延續(xù)的動詞 remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。表瞬時的動詞 come，fall，set，cut，occur等。
其他動詞 eat，lie，prove，ring，run，shine，sit，stand，continue，hang等
She has been ill for over a felt a bit food tastes grew/became thinner and it got child soon fell turned pale at the cake looks tea smells looked remain seated.+ 系動詞LV（謂語）+ 表語（也稱補(bǔ)語）+ V（LV）+ P
He is a ）S + Lv + N/Pron（名詞/代詞）She is ）S + Lv + Adj（形容詞）Class is ）S + Lv + Adv（副詞）He is in good ）S + Lv + Prep Phrase The film is ）S + Lv + Participle（分詞）It appears a true proved a great sounded a modest seemed an unusually smart aim is to help everyone enter an ideal advice to them is to speak the is to be taken she wants to be is hobby is collecting hope is that everyobe will succeed in three surprised me was that you could speak English so matters is who can be put in charge of the point is whether we should recommend is found of were delightd/pleased/ happy with the was eager to am inclined to agree with 主 語 + 雙賓動詞（謂語）+ 間接賓語 + 直接賓語
S + VT + O(In)+ O（D）
? I bought Mary a ）S + VT + N/Pron + N ? He sent a book to ）S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phrase ? He bought a coat for me.? She convinced me that Howard was innocent.間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：allow，bring，deny，do（帶來），give，grant，hand，leave，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，permit，promise，read，refuse，render，restore，sell，send，show，teach，tell wish，write等。
間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動詞有：bring，buy，cash，choose，fetch，get，leave，make，order，paint，play（演奏），save，sing，spare等。
She
gave
me
a
left
us
Some
ordered
us
a
kissed
Her mother
’ve come to keep
You
Company
5.主語 + 及物動詞（謂語）+ 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)
S + VT + O + O C
? We named our baby ）S + VT + N/Pron + N 常用于這句型的動詞有call，choose，elect，find，make，name，nominate（命名）。
They elected him appointed her the secretary of the thought it good must keepthe matter a secret.? He painted the wall ）S + VT + N/Pron + Adj 常用于這句型的動詞有：beat，boil，cut，drive，find，get，hold，keep，leave，like，make，paint，see，set，turn，want，wash，wipe，wish等。
most people considered him guilty/ police decided to set him made you so angry? The students find it important to take notes in have to make it clear that the students need to make corrections.? She keeps everything in good ）S + VT + N/Pron + Prep Phrase We found her in will bring us all into soon got the fire under always considers himself in the right.? I wish you to ）S + VT + N/Pron + Infinitive ? I made him work.常用于這句型的動詞有：a）不定式帶to的詞：advice，allow，ask，beg，cause，choose，command，decide，encourage，expect，force，get，hate，invite，know，leave，like，love，order，permit，persuade，prefer，remain，request，teach，tell，want，warn，wish等。b）不定式不帶to的詞：feel，have，hear，know，let，listen to，look at，make，notice，see，watch等。
We encouraged her to try strongly recommend you to take a made you think so? We won’t have them cheat saw her face go pale.? I heard my name ）S + VT + N/Pron + Participle（分詞）? I feel something moving.常用于這句型的動詞有：catch，feel，find，get，have，hear，imagine，keep，leave，listen to，look at，notice，observe，perceive，see，set，smell，start，watch等。
She watched us noticed the teacher coming found him working in the garden.? He told me that the film was ）S + VT + N/Pron + That-clause 常用于這句型的動詞：assure，inform，promise，remind，teach，tell，warm等。
? He shows me how to do ）S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive 常用于這句型的動詞有：advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell等。
? He asked me what he should ）S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-Clause
常用于這句型的動詞有：Advise，ask，inform，show，teach，tell
英語基本句式小結(jié)3
大學(xué)英語四級寫作基本句式 1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are as follows．
3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason to believe that．．．
例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．
注：如寫第一個句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life．There are three reasons for this．這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。
2．表示好處
1）It has the following advantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．
例如：Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示壞處
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmful to us．
例如：However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．
4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb．to do sth．
2）We think it necessary to do sth．
3）It plays an important role in our life．
例如：Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take some effective measures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示變化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．
3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．
例如：Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀
1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．
2）No one can deny the fact that．．．
3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．
5）However，that’s not the case．
例如：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比較
1）Compared with A，B．．．
2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
3）There is a striking contrast between them．
例如：Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．
9．表示數(shù)量
1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）The population in this city has now increased（decreased）to 800，000．
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％compared with that of January．
例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．
再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．
2）People have different opinions on this problem．
3）People take different views of（on）the question．
4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
例如：People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．
every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However，others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．
再如：Do “l(fā)ucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．
注：一個段落有時很適宜以問句開始，應(yīng)掌握這一寫作方法。
11．表示結(jié)論
1）In short，it can be said that．．．
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that．．．
例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however，its method should be improved．
注：例句1可用于任何一個段落的結(jié)論句；例句3則多用文章結(jié)論段的第一句。
12．套語
1）It’s well known to us that．．．
2）As is known to us，．．．
3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that．．．
5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．
例如：As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．
The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．
再如：Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．
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