下面是范文網(wǎng)小編分享的雅思閱讀提分秘笈：2大雅思閱讀速讀技巧3篇 雅思閱讀快速提分，供大家賞析。
雅思閱讀提分秘笈：2大雅思閱讀速讀技巧1
THE GAP of INGENUITY 2
Ingenuity, as I define it here, consists not only of ideas for new technologies like computers or drought-resistant crops but, more fundamentally, of ideas for better institutions and social arrangements, like efficient markets and competent governments.
How much and what kinds of ingenuity a society requires depends on a range of factors, including the society's goals and the circumstances within which it must achieve those goals——whether it has a young population or an aging one, an abundance of natural resources or a scarcity of them, an easy climate or a punishing one, whatever the case may be.
How much and what kinds of ingenuity a society supplies also depends on many factors, such as the nature of human inventiveness and understanding, the rewards an economy gives to the producers of useful knowledge, and the strength of political opposition to social and institutional reforms.
A good supply of the right kind of ingenuity is essential, but it isn't, of course, enough by itself. We know that the creation of wealth, for example, depends not only on an adequate supply of useful ideas but also on the availability of other, more conventional factors of production, like capital and labor. Similarly, prosperity, stability and justice usually depend on the resolution, or at least the containment, of major political struggles over wealth and power. Yet within our economics ingenuity often supplants labor, and growth in the stock of physical plant is usually accompanied by growth in the stock of ingenuity. And in our political systems, we need great ingenuity to set up institutions that successfully manage struggles over wealth and power. Clearly, our economic and political processes are intimately entangled with the production and use of ingenuity.
The past century’s countless incremental changes in our societies around the planet, in our technologies and our interactions with our surrounding natural environments have accumulated to create a qualitatively new world. Because these changes have accumulated slowly, It’s often hard for us to recognize how profound and sweeping they've. They include far larger and denser populations; much higher per capita consumption of natural resources; and far better and more widely available technologies for the movement of people, materials, and especially information.
In combination, these changes have sharply increased the density, intensity, and pace of our inter actions with each other; they have greatly increased the burden we place on our natural environment; and they have helped shift power from national and international institutions to individuals and subgroups, such as political special interests and ethnic factions.
As a result, people in all walks of life-from our political and business leaders to all of us in our day-to-day——must cope with much more complex, urgent, and often unpredictable circumstances. The management of our relationship with this new world requires immense and ever-increasing amounts of social and technical ingenuity. As we strive to maintain or increase our prosperity and improve the quality of our lives, we must make far more sophisticated decisions, and in less time, than ever before.
When we enhance the performance of any system, from our cars to the planet's network of financial institutions, we tend to make it more complex. Many of the natural systems critical to our well-being, like the global climate and the oceans, are extraordinarily complex to begin with. We often can't predict or manage the behavior of complex systems with much precision, because they are often very sensitive to the smallest of changes and perturbations, and their behavior can flip from one mode to another suddenly and dramatically. In general, as the human-made and natural systems we depend upon become more complex, and as our demands on them increase, the institutions and technologies we use to manage them must become more complex too, which further boosts our need for ingenuity.
The good news, though, is that the last century's stunning changes in our societies and technologies have not just increased our need for ingenuity; they have also produced a huge increase in its supply. The growth and urbanization of human populations have combined with astonishing new communication and transportation technologies to expand interactions among people and produce larger, more integrated, and more efficient markets. These changes have, in turn, vastly accelerated the generation and delivery of useful ideas.
But—and this is the critical "but"——we should not jump to the conclusion that the supply of ingenuity always increases in lockstep with our ingenuity requirement: While it's true that necessity is often the mother of invention, we can't always rely on the right kind of ingenuity appearing when and where we need it. In many cases, the complexity and speed of operation of today's vital economic, social, arid ecological systems exceed the human brains grasp. Very few of us have more than a rudimentary understanding of how these systems work. They remain fraught with countless "unknown unknowns," which makes it hard to supply the ingenuity we need to solve problems associated with these systems.
In this book, explore a wide range of other factors that will limit our ability to supply the ingenuity required in the coming century. For example, many people believe that new communication technologies strengthen democracy and will make it easier to find solutions to our societies' collective problems, but the story is less clear than it seems. The crush of information in our everyday lives is shortening our attention span, limiting the time we have to reflect on critical matters of public policy, and making policy arguments more superficial.
Modern markets and science are an important part of the story of how we supply ingenuity. Markets are critically important, because they give entrepreneurs an incentive to produce knowledge. As for science, although it seems to face no theoretical limits, at least in the foreseeable future, practical constraints often slow its progress. The cost of scientific research tends to increase as it delves deeper into nature. And science's rate of advance depends on the characteristic of the natural phenomena it investigates, simply because some phenomena are intrinsically harder to understand than others, so the production of useful new knowledge in these areas can be very slow. Consequently, there is often a critical time lag between the recognition between a problem and the delivery of sufficient ingenuity, in the form of technologies, to solve that problem. Progress in the social sciences is especially slow, for reasons we don't yet understand; but we desperately need better social scientific knowledge to build the sophisticated institutions today’s world demands.
Questions:
Complete each sentence with the appropriate answer, A, B, C, or D
Write the correct answer in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.
27 The definition of ingenuity
28 The requirement for ingenuity
29 The creation of social wealth
30 The stability of society
A depends on many factors including climate.
B depends on the management and solution of disputes.
C is not only of technological advance, but more of institutional renovation.
D also depends on the availability of some traditional resources.
Question 31-33
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.
Write your answers in boxes 31-33 on your answer sheet.
31 What does the author say about the incremental change of the last 100 years?
A It has become a hot scholastic discussion among environmentalists.
B Its significance is often not noticed.
C It has reshaped the natural environments we live in.
D It benefited a much larger population than ever.
32 The combination of changes has made life.
A easier
B faster
C slower
D less sophisticated
33 What does the author say about the natural systems?
A New technologies are being developed to predict change with precision.
B Natural systems are often more sophisticated than other systems.
C Minor alterations may cause natural systems to change dramatically.
D Technological developments have rendered human being more independent of natural systems.
Question 34-40
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?
In boxes 34-40 on your answer sheet, write
YES if the statement is true
NO if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
34 The demand for ingenuity has been growing during the past 100 years.
35 The ingenuity we have may be inappropriate for solving problems at hand.
36 There are very few who can understand the complex systems of the present world.
37 More information will help us to make better decisions.
38 The next generation will blame the current government for their conduct.
39 Science tends to develop faster in certain areas than others.
40 Social science develops especially slowly because it is not as important as natural science.
雅思閱讀提分秘笈：2大雅思閱讀速讀技巧2
Can Scientists tell us: What happiness is?
A
Economists accept that if people describe themselves as happy, then they are happy. However, psychologists differentiate between levels of happiness. The most immediate type involves a feeling; pleasure or joy. But sometimes happiness is a judgment that life is satisfying, and does not imply an emotional state. Esteemed psychologist Martin Seligman has spearheaded an effort to study the science of happiness. The bad news is that we're not wired to be happy. The good news is that we can do something about it. Since its origins in a Leipzig laboratory 130 years ago, psychology has had little to say about goodness and contentment. Mostly psychologists have concerned themselves with weakness and misery. There are libraries full of theories about why we get sad, worried, and angry. It hasn't been respectable science to study what happens when lives go well. Positive experiences, such as joy, kindness, altruism and heroism, have mainly been ignored. For every 100 psychology papers dealing with anxiety or depression, only one concerns a positive trait.
B
A few pioneers in experimental psychology bucked the trend. Professor Alice Isen of Cornell University and colleagues have demonstrated how positive emotions make people think faster and more creatively. Showing how easy it is to give people an intellectual boost, Isen divided doctors making a tricky diagnosis into three groups: one received candy, one read humanistic statements about medicine, one was a control group. The doctors who had candy displayed the most creative thinking and worked more efficiently. Inspired by Isen and others, Seligman got stuck in. He raised millions of dollars of research money and funded 50 research groups involving 150 scientists across the world. Four positive psychology centres opened, decorated in cheerful colours and furnished with sofas and baby-sitters. There were get-togethers on Mexican beaches where psychologists would snorkel and eat fajitas, then form "pods" to discuss subjects such as wonder and awe. A thousand therapists were coached in the new science.
C
But critics are demanding answers to big questions. What is the point of defining levels of happiness and classifying the virtues? Aren't these concepts vague and impossible to pin down? Can you justify spending funds to research positive states when there are problems such as famine, flood and epidemic depression to be solved? Seligman knows his work can be belittled alongside trite notions such as "the power of positive thinking". His plan to stop the new science floating "on the waves of self- improvement fashions" is to make sure it is anchored to positive philosophy above, and to positive biology below.
D
And this takes us back to our evolutionary past. Homo sapiens evolved during the Pleistocene era (1.8 m to 10,000 years ago), a time of hardship and turmoil. It was the Ice Age, and our ancestors endured long freezes as glaciers formed, then ferocious floods as the ice masses melted. We shared the planet with terrifying creatures such as mammoths, elephant-sized ground sloths and sabre-toothed cats. But by the end of the Pleistocene, all these animals were extinct. Humans, on the other hand, had evolved large brains and used their intelligence to make fire and sophisticated tools, to develop talk and social rituals. Survival in a time of adversity forged our brains into a persistent mould. Professor Seligman says: "Because our brain evolved during a time of ice, flood and famine, we have a catastrophic brain. The way the brain works is looking for what's wrong. The problem is, that worked in the Pleistocene era. It favoured you, but it doesn't work in the modem world."
E
Although most people rate themselves as happy, there is a wealth of evidence to show that negative thinking is deeply ingrained in the human psyche. Experiments show that we remember failures more vividly than successes. We dwell on what went badly, not what went well. Of the six universal emotions, four anger, fear, disgust and sadness are negative and only one, joy, is positive. The sixth, surprise, is psychologist Daniel Nettle, author of Happiness, and one of the Royal Institution lecturers, the negative emotions each tell us "something bad has happened" and suggest a different course of action.
F
What is it about the structure of the brain that underlies our bias towards negative thinking? And is there a biology of joy? At Iowa University, neuroscientists studied what happens when people are shown pleasant and unpleasant pictures. When subjects see landscapes or dolphins playing, part of the frontal lobe of the brain becomes active. But when they are shown unpleasant images a bird covered in oil, or a dead soldier with part of his face missing the response comes from more primitive parts of the brain. The ability to feel negative emotions derives from an ancient danger-recognition system formed early in the brain's evolution. The pre-frontal cortex, which registers happiness, is the part used for higher thinking, an area that evolved later in human history.
G
Our difficulty, according to Daniel Nettle, is that the brain systems for liking and wanting are separate. Wanting involves two ancient regions the amygdala and the nucleus accumbens that communicate using the chemical dopamine to form the brain's reward system. They are involved in anticipating the pleasure of eating and in addiction to drugs. A rat will press a bar repeatedly, ignoring sexually available partners, to receive electrical stimulation of the "wanting" parts of the brain. But having received brain stimulation, the rat eats more but shows no sign of enjoying the food it craved. In humans, a drug like nicotine produces much craving but little pleasure.
H
In essence, what the biology lesson tells us is that negative emotions are fundamental to the human condition, and ifs no wonder they are difficult to eradicate. At the same time, by a trick of nature, our brains are designed to crave but never really achieve lasting happiness.
Question 14-20
The reading passage has seven paragraphs A-H.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-H, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet.
14 An experiment involving dividing several groups one of which received positive icon
15 Review of a poorly researched psychology area
16 Contrast being made about the brain’s action as response to positive or negative stimulus
17 The skeptical attitude toward the research seemed to be a waste of fund
18 a substance that produces much wanting instead of much liking
19 a conclusion that lasting happiness are hardly obtained because of the nature of brains
20 One description that listed the human emotional categories
Question 21-25
Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using no more than four words from the Reading Passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 21-25 on your answer sheet.
A few pioneers in experimental psychology study what happens when lives go well. Professor Alice divided doctors, making a tricky experiment, into three groups: beside the one control group, the other two either are asked to read humanistic statements about drugs, or received …21... The latter displayed the most creative thinking and worked more efficiently. Since critics are questioning the significance of the …22…for both levels of happiness and classification for the virtues. Professor Seligman countered in an evolutional theory: survival in a time of adversity forged our brains into the way of thinking for what's wrong because we have a…23…
There is bountiful of evidence to show that negative thinking is deeply built in the human psyche. Later, at Iowa University, neuroscientists studied the active parts in brains to contrast when people are shown pleasant and unpleasant pictures. When positive images like…24…are shown, part of the frontal lobe of the brain becomes active. But when they are shown unpleasant image, the response comes from …25…of the brain.
Question 26
Write your answers in boxes 26 on your answer sheet.
Choose the correct letter. A, B, C or D.
According to Daniel Nettle in the last two paragraphs, what is true as the scientists can tell us about happiness
A Brain systems always mix liking and wanting together.
B Negative emotions can be easily rid of if we think positively.
C Happiness is like nicotine we are craving for but get little pleasure.
D The inner mechanism of human brains does not assist us to achieve durable happiness.
雅思閱讀提分秘笈：2大雅思閱讀速讀技巧3
首先何謂快速閱讀(fast reading)?
就閱讀方式而言，我們通常分成了精讀和泛讀兩種，精讀即按照字、詞等少數(shù)幾個單字為單位逐個閱讀，這是我們從學(xué)習英語以來，老師們最為駕輕就熟的一種方式，他們會帶著我們從一篇文章的第一個單詞，逐字逐句的分析到最后一個單詞，直到把這篇文章分析得是體無完膚;而泛讀則要求我們泛泛而讀，不必那么精準的理解文章，但是要求廣、博、泛、快。而泛讀里比較常用的一種閱讀方式就是快速閱讀。
快速閱讀將被閱讀的文字以組或行、塊為單位進行大小不一的整體閱讀，而“組”或“塊”內(nèi)所包含的往往可能是詞組、半行、一行、多行甚至整頁內(nèi)容(我們稱之為“意群”)，它是一種讓我們能夠從文字材料中迅速接收信息的閱讀法。
沒有經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練的閱讀者一般來說一分鐘能讀100—200個單詞，而經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練后一般能達到300—400單詞/分，而有些個體則可能達到每分鐘1000多，在我訓(xùn)練過多學(xué)生里，最快的能達到每分鐘800字左右。
其次，快速閱讀與雅思考試的關(guān)系。
快速閱讀是一種我們在生活中經(jīng)常應(yīng)用的一種閱讀方法，無論是在瀏覽報紙，還是查詢網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息，隨時隨地我們都可能通過快速閱讀獲取有效信息。而快速閱讀主要運用了兩種閱讀技能：略讀(skimming)和尋讀(scanning)。而略讀和訓(xùn)讀在雅思閱讀里都是頻繁使用的閱讀技能。接下來我們看看略讀和訓(xùn)讀在雅思閱讀里是如何有效運用到雅思閱讀里的。
粗中有細做略讀
略讀又被稱為跳讀或瀏覽，是指以盡可能快的閱讀速度，有選擇性地獲取大意與信息，而文章的非重點部分可以不讀的閱讀方式。略讀時，因為速度快，理解水平略低是比較正常的現(xiàn)象，開始時平均理解率達到五成就可以了，經(jīng)過有效的訓(xùn)練，通常能達到七八成。那么我們該怎么做略讀呢?
略讀時我們應(yīng)當運用兩大技能：
1. 按照意群瀏覽，而不是一個單詞接一個單詞地看，以減少眼球的移動。我們來看下面四個句子：
World/science/is/dominated/today/by/a/small/number/of/languages。
World science/is dominated today/by a small number of/languages。
World science is dominated today/by a small number of languages。
World science is dominated today by a small number of languages。
第一句是一個單詞一個單詞的讀，最后一句一氣呵成，不難看出，什么樣的讀法更能體現(xiàn)速度，而且事實上，一個句子里，像副詞、介詞、冠詞等成分其實是大可不必看的，如果我們只抓主謂賓等成分，閱讀效率就能大大得到提高。
2. 緊抓段落的主題句。抓住主題句就等于掌握了段落大意，略去細節(jié)不讀，以求得略讀速度。
這種看似很粗的閱讀過程中，又隱含了對某些細節(jié)的掌握，比如主題句，比如一個句子里的關(guān)鍵詞，因此，我們把這叫做粗中有細做略讀。
略讀在雅思閱讀考試中的運用非常廣泛，當學(xué)生拿到一篇文章時，他如果想要拿高分，首先要對文章進行一個全面的概括性的了解，那么他就需要花一分鐘左右對整篇文章進行一個整體性的把握，這時就需要運用到略讀;在做list of headings，段落加信息的匹配題，都可能運用到略讀，尤其是段落加信息的匹配題需要我們快速瀏覽一個段落，發(fā)現(xiàn)與題目相匹配的有用信息，沒有這種快速閱讀的能力，勢必會浪費大量的時間，而且正確率還得不到保證。
如何做尋讀(查讀)?
尋讀又稱查讀，也就是說，在對文章有所了解(即略讀)后，讀者在文章中查找與某一問題、某一觀點或某一單詞有關(guān)的信息，尋找解題的可靠依據(jù)。尋讀時，要以很快的速度掃視文章，確定所查詢的信息范圍。
在雅思閱讀考試中，當我們明確了題目信息，需要從文章里獲取答案時，我們往往會選取一個兩個定位詞，到文章中進行定位，而這種在1200-1800字的文章中以最快速度找到定位詞的能力就是尋讀所必備的能力。
作為一種快速尋找信息的閱讀技巧，尋讀既要求速度，又要求尋讀的準確性。尋讀時，我們的視線在文章中掃描的速度極快，大部分的信息都是一帶而過，只有當我們所需信息出現(xiàn)時，從大量的沙子中以最優(yōu)的效率挑選出里面的金子出來，這就是尋讀能力。
在雅思閱讀中，學(xué)員要學(xué)會利用文章的組織結(jié)構(gòu)，以及題型與題型之間的聯(lián)系，甚至是段落號等來提高尋讀效率。文章的組織都是有一定的規(guī)律的，如果拿到文章時就先做好了略讀，了解了文章的架構(gòu)以及信息組織順序，那么在尋讀時，我們的大定位就會非常省時，而且每一個大題與前一個大題之間的答案出現(xiàn)是有一定的關(guān)聯(lián)的，這樣我們在通過尋讀定位時，還可以利用前一道大題以及本題內(nèi)部聯(lián)系進行。
另外我們也要充分利用提示詞，比如當我們尋找某個球隊的背景時，我們可以把這兩個球隊的名字作為提示詞，因為它們更為明顯，更容易定位，他們附近去尋找相關(guān)信息會更為節(jié)約時間。同樣的道理，在雅思閱讀里，經(jīng)常也會有相似的提示詞出現(xiàn)，參考提示詞，有效的幫助我們撥開迷霧，看清真相。
最后的最后，其實大家都要明白，所有雅思高分的前提都是要有一個詞匯量的積累。當你有一定詞匯量之后，精讀文章能夠幫你的是提高做題準確率，但是時間總共1小時，你必須訓(xùn)練自己的泛讀能力，特別是快速閱讀的能力，來提升做題的效率。多快好省，說的就是雅思閱讀提分的關(guān)鍵。大家抓緊時間練習起來吧。
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