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托福高分經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享:找到適合自己的方法然后堅(jiān)持1
現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示,但如果想要強(qiáng)調(diào)施動(dòng)者的特征而非動(dòng)作本身,則可用 will+不帶to的不定式(即動(dòng)詞原形)結(jié)構(gòu)。這主要用于一般陳述句:
An Englishman will usually show you the way in the street.
英國人通常是會(huì)在街上給你指路的。(英國人這樣表現(xiàn)是正常的。)這并非will的一種很重要的用法,它的過去時(shí)would的用處要廣泛得多。我們描述過去例行的活動(dòng)時(shí),可以用would代替used to:
On Sundays he used to/would get up early and go fishing. He used to/would spend the whole day by the river and in the evening used to/would come home with marvellous stories of the fish he had nearly caught.
星期天他總是早起釣魚去。他整天都在河邊釣魚,晚間才回到家里,總要講一些奇妙的故事,說他差一點(diǎn)兒就釣到多大的魚。
但要注意 used to表示已經(jīng)不再有的習(xí)慣時(shí),不能用 would來代替。
這樣用的will和would可以有縮略形式。
will還可以表示執(zhí)意堅(jiān)持,通常是習(xí)慣性的:
If you′will keep your watch half an hour slow it is hardly surprising that you are late for your appointments.
如果你一定要讓你的表慢半個(gè)小時(shí),你約會(huì)時(shí)遲到就不足為怪了。
在有關(guān)過去的事中使用would:www.Examda.CoM
we all tried to stop him smoking in bed but he′would do it.
我們都勸他不要躺在床上吸煙,可他老是要這樣做。
這里will和would不能縮略,而且要加強(qiáng)重讀。
would可表示某人的一種典型的動(dòng)作,一般這種動(dòng)作使說話人討厭:
—Bill objects/objected.
—He′would!/He′would object!
—比爾反對(duì)。
—他總是反對(duì)!
托福高分經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享:找到適合自己的方法然后堅(jiān)持2
副詞是TOEEL測(cè)試中非?;钴S的詞類。它與形容詞一樣,是詞類變化題型必考的詞性。一般說來,有關(guān)副詞的題目并不很難。絕大部分考的是副詞詞性的判斷。題型主要有下述幾項(xiàng):(1)副詞與形容詞混淆(詳見本憶要點(diǎn)之[詞類變化])(2)否定副詞Not 的用法、(3)易混淆的副詞。
副詞??碱}型及解題要點(diǎn)
1. 副詞與形容詞的功能區(qū)別:形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾除名詞以外的所有詞性及句子成分
[例1] The ordeal of the Cherokee Indians, who were forcible moved from their homeland in the 1830., is remembered as the .ears. (91.10)
[答案] B 修飾動(dòng)詞moved應(yīng)用副詞forcibly。
[例2] Although the United States experienced rapidly growth in the first half of the nincieenth century, it was still predominately concerned with agriculture and forestry. (93.10)
[答案] A 修飾名詞growth應(yīng)用形容詞rapid,而不用副詞rapidly。 此題是TOEEL??碱愋皖}。請(qǐng)注意以- ly后綴構(gòu)成的副詞通常是命題焦點(diǎn)。
2. 否定詞not與形容詞no的區(qū)別
解題要點(diǎn): 區(qū)分副詞not和形容詞no的命題是TOEEL??嫉念}型,主要分布在structure (1-15題)中。當(dāng)not或no出現(xiàn)在選擇答案中,應(yīng)首先判斷它所修飾的中心詞的詞性以決定選哪一個(gè)否定詞。
全真例分析
(1) Since Alaska attained statehood in 1959------- single party has dominated politics there.
(A) none
(B) no
(C) not
(D) never (94.1)
[答案] B 修飾中心名詞party應(yīng)用形容詞no,而非副詞not。
(2) ------- social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams enthusiasm more than the expansion of the United States.
(A) No
(B) Nothing
(C) Not
(D) None (91.10)
[答案] 修飾主語名詞crusade 應(yīng)用形容詞no. 而非副詞not。
(3) ------- all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground, some of it is lost through evaporation.
(A) Nowhere
(B) Not
(C) No
(D) None (91.8)
[答案] B 修飾形容詞all應(yīng)用否定副詞not。Not all (不是所有的)是固定短語搭配,表示的是部分否定,not all = sosme。
(4) The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ------- clearly understood.
(A) none
(B) no
(C) not
(D) nor (90.5)
[答案] C 否定系詞is,應(yīng)用副詞not。
(5) Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933. When Frances Perkins became secretary of labor. (89.1)
[答案] A Not 改為No.
3. 辨別詞形相近的副詞和形容詞
hare (努力、副詞)- hardly (幾乎不、副詞)
close (接近、形容詞)- closely (接近、副詞)
near (接近、形容詞)- nearly (幾乎、副詞)
most (大多數(shù)的、形容詞)-mostly(主要地、副詞)
late (遲、晚、形容詞)-lately(最近、副詞)
全真例題分析
(1) Chief Joseph Flesche. A vigorous Omaha leader, worked hardly to make his nation a proud and progressive one. (93.1)
[答案] B hardly (幾乎不)改為hard(努力)。
(2) Glaciers that develop nearly the North and South Poles advance into the sea. Break into pieces, and become icebergs. (90.8)
[答案] B 副詞nearly意思是“幾乎”。此句應(yīng)改為near(接近)。
(3) Those electrons most closely to the nucleus are held electromagnetic force. (92.1)
[答案] B most closely 改為most close。
托福高分經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享:找到適合自己的方法然后堅(jiān)持3
3. 名詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與謂語動(dòng)詞一致
全真例題分析
(1) Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized in the United States are for foods and beverages. (92.5)
[答案] A 主語是package的百分比率,謂語動(dòng)詞are則決定了package的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(2) Human being have thirty-three or thirty-four vertebrate, bat a snake may have as many as three hundred. (93.8)
[答案] A 謂語動(dòng)詞have表明主語應(yīng)是復(fù)數(shù)形式,即human beings。
(3) Beneath the deep oceans that cover two-thirds of the Earth tantalizing secret of the planet are concealed. (91.10)
[答案] C 謂語動(dòng)詞are 決定了主語secret應(yīng)接復(fù)數(shù)形式-s。
4. 一個(gè)名詞修飾限定另一個(gè)名詞時(shí),第一個(gè)名詞只能用單數(shù)形式
解題要點(diǎn) 當(dāng)你看到兩個(gè)名詞連用時(shí),一定留意第一個(gè)名詞的單數(shù)的形式。
全真例題分析
(1) Employments agencies bring together persons qualified for specific jobs and employers who have those jobs available (90.10)
[答案] A 名詞emplogments修飾說明后面的名詞agencies,其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞,故應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。
(2) Acrylic paint enables artists to experiment with many colors effects. (90.5)
[答案] D名詞colors修飾說明effects,應(yīng)用其單數(shù)形式。
(3) Susan Sontag. aversion to the traditional critical practice of extracting morals meanings from art is reflected in her novels. (92.1)
[答案] B morals應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式修飾后面的名詞meanings。
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